How do deep ocean researchers do their jobs? There are three main types of submersible vehicles.
An AUV (autonomous underwater vehicle) is an unmanned, untethered independently operated robot used in underwater research and exploration, similar to the Mars Rovers NASA uses. They’re usually controlled by an operator on a nearby ship or even someone standing on the shore. https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/facts/auv.html
An HOV (human operated vehicle) is manned, usually with a small crew of scientists and a pilot.
An ROV (remotely operated vehicle) is tethered to ship, allowing operators to send signals directly to the vehicle from their position topside. Some may also have a robotic arm that a pilot may use to collect samples.